Assessing and analyzing prevalent agroforestry systems in Medchal-Malkajgiri district, Telangana, India

Abstract

This study conducted in Medchal-Malkajgiri district, Telangana, India, delves into the dynamics of agroforestry systems and planting patterns, emphasizing their impact on productivity, carbon sequestration, and economic viability. The study involved surveying 9 villages (out of 108 villages) in Medchal-Malkajgiri district of Telangana State with a sampling intensity of 5%. Villages were selected using simple random sampling and 3 agroforestry practicing farmers from each category - marginal, small, semi-medium and medium - were chosen as purposive random sampling from each village. Nine agroforestry systems were identified, with boundary + scattered planting emerging as the most popular. The research extensively evaluated biomass growth, crop yield, carbon sequestration, and economic returns across different systems. Boundary + scattered and bund + boundary planting, were found to be the prominent agroforestry systems. Whereas there were significant variations in tree height and volume across different agroforestry systems. Scattered planting trees had greater height and volume. There were no significant changes in straw yield and the sole crop produced higher grain yield comparable to agroforestry systems. Block + boundary + bund planting showed the highest net returns and B:C ratio. In terms of carbon storage, block + boundary + bund planting had numerically higher above ground carbon stock. Additionally, the study unveiled rich indigenous biodiversity and highlighted the role of farmer categories in shaping agroforestry practices. The findings highlight the significance of specialised agroforestry practices for long-term and resilient agricultural ecosystems.