Genetic evaluation of kernel Fe and Zn concentrations and yield performance of selected Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes

Abstract

Twenty-five maize inbred lines, including 10 QPM and 15 non-QPM lines, were analyzed for kernel micronutrient concentrations (iron and zinc) at two different locations (Delhi and Bajaura) in India. The study revealed considerable genetic variability and significant genotype x environment (GxE) interaction for the target traits under study. Genotypes with high kernel Fe and Zn concentrations at both locations were identified. The study also revealed significant and positive correlation between kernel Fe and Zn concentrations, indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement of both the traits. The genotypes also showed significant variation for various yield related traits. Most of the yield components displayed significant positive correlation with yield, except days to 50% anthesis and silking, which also displayed negative correlation with kernel Zn concentration. Among all the traits, kernel number per ear row was found to have significant direct effect on grain yield in both genotypic and phenotypic path analysis, whereas no significant direct or indirect effects of kernel iron and zinc concentration on grain yield was observed. The study, thus, provides a foundation for breeding kernel micronutrient-rich and high yielding maize genotypes in the Indian context.